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//! Interface for reading object files.
use alloc::borrow::Cow;
use alloc::vec::Vec;
use core::{fmt, result};
use crate::common::*;
mod read_ref;
pub use read_ref::*;
#[cfg(feature = "std")]
mod read_cache;
#[cfg(feature = "std")]
pub use read_cache::*;
mod util;
pub use util::*;
#[cfg(any(
feature = "coff",
feature = "elf",
feature = "macho",
feature = "pe",
feature = "wasm",
feature = "xcoff"
))]
mod any;
#[cfg(any(
feature = "coff",
feature = "elf",
feature = "macho",
feature = "pe",
feature = "wasm",
feature = "xcoff"
))]
pub use any::*;
#[cfg(feature = "archive")]
pub mod archive;
#[cfg(feature = "coff")]
pub mod coff;
#[cfg(feature = "elf")]
pub mod elf;
#[cfg(feature = "macho")]
pub mod macho;
#[cfg(feature = "pe")]
pub mod pe;
#[cfg(feature = "wasm")]
pub mod wasm;
#[cfg(feature = "xcoff")]
pub mod xcoff;
mod traits;
pub use traits::*;
mod private {
pub trait Sealed {}
}
/// The error type used within the read module.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct Error(&'static str);
impl fmt::Display for Error {
#[inline]
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
f.write_str(self.0)
}
}
#[cfg(feature = "std")]
impl std::error::Error for Error {}
/// The result type used within the read module.
pub type Result<T> = result::Result<T, Error>;
trait ReadError<T> {
fn read_error(self, error: &'static str) -> Result<T>;
}
impl<T> ReadError<T> for result::Result<T, ()> {
fn read_error(self, error: &'static str) -> Result<T> {
self.map_err(|()| Error(error))
}
}
impl<T> ReadError<T> for result::Result<T, Error> {
fn read_error(self, error: &'static str) -> Result<T> {
self.map_err(|_| Error(error))
}
}
impl<T> ReadError<T> for Option<T> {
fn read_error(self, error: &'static str) -> Result<T> {
self.ok_or(Error(error))
}
}
/// The native executable file for the target platform.
#[cfg(all(
unix,
not(target_os = "macos"),
target_pointer_width = "32",
feature = "elf"
))]
pub type NativeFile<'data, R = &'data [u8]> = elf::ElfFile32<'data, crate::Endianness, R>;
/// The native executable file for the target platform.
#[cfg(all(
unix,
not(target_os = "macos"),
target_pointer_width = "64",
feature = "elf"
))]
pub type NativeFile<'data, R = &'data [u8]> = elf::ElfFile64<'data, crate::Endianness, R>;
/// The native executable file for the target platform.
#[cfg(all(target_os = "macos", target_pointer_width = "32", feature = "macho"))]
pub type NativeFile<'data, R = &'data [u8]> = macho::MachOFile32<'data, crate::Endianness, R>;
/// The native executable file for the target platform.
#[cfg(all(target_os = "macos", target_pointer_width = "64", feature = "macho"))]
pub type NativeFile<'data, R = &'data [u8]> = macho::MachOFile64<'data, crate::Endianness, R>;
/// The native executable file for the target platform.
#[cfg(all(target_os = "windows", target_pointer_width = "32", feature = "pe"))]
pub type NativeFile<'data, R = &'data [u8]> = pe::PeFile32<'data, R>;
/// The native executable file for the target platform.
#[cfg(all(target_os = "windows", target_pointer_width = "64", feature = "pe"))]
pub type NativeFile<'data, R = &'data [u8]> = pe::PeFile64<'data, R>;
/// The native executable file for the target platform.
#[cfg(all(feature = "wasm", target_arch = "wasm32", feature = "wasm"))]
pub type NativeFile<'data, R = &'data [u8]> = wasm::WasmFile<'data, R>;
/// A file format kind.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum FileKind {
/// A Unix archive.
#[cfg(feature = "archive")]
Archive,
/// A COFF object file.
#[cfg(feature = "coff")]
Coff,
/// A COFF bigobj object file.
///
/// This supports a larger number of sections.
#[cfg(feature = "coff")]
CoffBig,
/// A Windows short import file.
#[cfg(feature = "coff")]
CoffImport,
/// A dyld cache file containing Mach-O images.
#[cfg(feature = "macho")]
DyldCache,
/// A 32-bit ELF file.
#[cfg(feature = "elf")]
Elf32,
/// A 64-bit ELF file.
#[cfg(feature = "elf")]
Elf64,
/// A 32-bit Mach-O file.
#[cfg(feature = "macho")]
MachO32,
/// A 64-bit Mach-O file.
#[cfg(feature = "macho")]
MachO64,
/// A 32-bit Mach-O fat binary.
#[cfg(feature = "macho")]
MachOFat32,
/// A 64-bit Mach-O fat binary.
#[cfg(feature = "macho")]
MachOFat64,
/// A 32-bit PE file.
#[cfg(feature = "pe")]
Pe32,
/// A 64-bit PE file.
#[cfg(feature = "pe")]
Pe64,
/// A Wasm file.
#[cfg(feature = "wasm")]
Wasm,
/// A 32-bit XCOFF file.
#[cfg(feature = "xcoff")]
Xcoff32,
/// A 64-bit XCOFF file.
#[cfg(feature = "xcoff")]
Xcoff64,
}
impl FileKind {
/// Determine a file kind by parsing the start of the file.
pub fn parse<'data, R: ReadRef<'data>>(data: R) -> Result<FileKind> {
Self::parse_at(data, 0)
}
/// Determine a file kind by parsing at the given offset.
pub fn parse_at<'data, R: ReadRef<'data>>(data: R, offset: u64) -> Result<FileKind> {
let magic = data
.read_bytes_at(offset, 16)
.read_error("Could not read file magic")?;
if magic.len() < 16 {
return Err(Error("File too short"));
}
let kind = match [magic[0], magic[1], magic[2], magic[3], magic[4], magic[5], magic[6], magic[7]] {
#[cfg(feature = "archive")]
[b'!', b'<', b'a', b'r', b'c', b'h', b'>', b'\n'] => FileKind::Archive,
#[cfg(feature = "macho")]
[b'd', b'y', b'l', b'd', b'_', b'v', b'1', b' '] => FileKind::DyldCache,
#[cfg(feature = "elf")]
[0x7f, b'E', b'L', b'F', 1, ..] => FileKind::Elf32,
#[cfg(feature = "elf")]
[0x7f, b'E', b'L', b'F', 2, ..] => FileKind::Elf64,
#[cfg(feature = "macho")]
[0xfe, 0xed, 0xfa, 0xce, ..]
| [0xce, 0xfa, 0xed, 0xfe, ..] => FileKind::MachO32,
#[cfg(feature = "macho")]
| [0xfe, 0xed, 0xfa, 0xcf, ..]
| [0xcf, 0xfa, 0xed, 0xfe, ..] => FileKind::MachO64,
#[cfg(feature = "macho")]
[0xca, 0xfe, 0xba, 0xbe, ..] => FileKind::MachOFat32,
#[cfg(feature = "macho")]
[0xca, 0xfe, 0xba, 0xbf, ..] => FileKind::MachOFat64,
#[cfg(feature = "wasm")]
[0x00, b'a', b's', b'm', ..] => FileKind::Wasm,
#[cfg(feature = "pe")]
[b'M', b'Z', ..] if offset == 0 => {
// offset == 0 restriction is because optional_header_magic only looks at offset 0
match pe::optional_header_magic(data) {
Ok(crate::pe::IMAGE_NT_OPTIONAL_HDR32_MAGIC) => {
FileKind::Pe32
}
Ok(crate::pe::IMAGE_NT_OPTIONAL_HDR64_MAGIC) => {
FileKind::Pe64
}
_ => return Err(Error("Unknown MS-DOS file")),
}
}
// TODO: more COFF machines
#[cfg(feature = "coff")]
// COFF arm
[0xc4, 0x01, ..]
// COFF arm64
| [0x64, 0xaa, ..]
// COFF x86
| [0x4c, 0x01, ..]
// COFF x86-64
| [0x64, 0x86, ..] => FileKind::Coff,
#[cfg(feature = "coff")]
[0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, ..] => FileKind::CoffImport,
#[cfg(feature = "coff")]
[0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0x02, 0x00, ..] if offset == 0 => {
// offset == 0 restriction is because anon_object_class_id only looks at offset 0
match coff::anon_object_class_id(data) {
Ok(crate::pe::ANON_OBJECT_HEADER_BIGOBJ_CLASS_ID) => FileKind::CoffBig,
_ => return Err(Error("Unknown anon object file")),
}
}
#[cfg(feature = "xcoff")]
[0x01, 0xdf, ..] => FileKind::Xcoff32,
#[cfg(feature = "xcoff")]
[0x01, 0xf7, ..] => FileKind::Xcoff64,
_ => return Err(Error("Unknown file magic")),
};
Ok(kind)
}
}
/// An object kind.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum ObjectKind {
/// The object kind is unknown.
Unknown,
/// Relocatable object.
Relocatable,
/// Executable.
Executable,
/// Dynamic shared object.
Dynamic,
/// Core.
Core,
}
/// The index used to identify a section of a file.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
pub struct SectionIndex(pub usize);
/// The index used to identify a symbol of a file.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
pub struct SymbolIndex(pub usize);
/// The section where a symbol is defined.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum SymbolSection {
/// The section is unknown.
Unknown,
/// The section is not applicable for this symbol (such as file symbols).
None,
/// The symbol is undefined.
Undefined,
/// The symbol has an absolute value.
Absolute,
/// The symbol is a zero-initialized symbol that will be combined with duplicate definitions.
Common,
/// The symbol is defined in the given section.
Section(SectionIndex),
}
impl SymbolSection {
/// Returns the section index for the section where the symbol is defined.
///
/// May return `None` if the symbol is not defined in a section.
#[inline]
pub fn index(self) -> Option<SectionIndex> {
if let SymbolSection::Section(index) = self {
Some(index)
} else {
None
}
}
}
/// An entry in a `SymbolMap`.
pub trait SymbolMapEntry {
/// The symbol address.
fn address(&self) -> u64;
}
/// A map from addresses to symbols.
#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone)]
pub struct SymbolMap<T: SymbolMapEntry> {
symbols: Vec<T>,
}
impl<T: SymbolMapEntry> SymbolMap<T> {
/// Construct a new symbol map.
///
/// This function will sort the symbols by address.
pub fn new(mut symbols: Vec<T>) -> Self {
symbols.sort_unstable_by_key(|s| s.address());
SymbolMap { symbols }
}
/// Get the symbol before the given address.
pub fn get(&self, address: u64) -> Option<&T> {
let index = match self
.symbols
.binary_search_by_key(&address, |symbol| symbol.address())
{
Ok(index) => index,
Err(index) => index.checked_sub(1)?,
};
self.symbols.get(index)
}
/// Get all symbols in the map.
#[inline]
pub fn symbols(&self) -> &[T] {
&self.symbols
}
}
/// A `SymbolMap` entry for symbol names.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
pub struct SymbolMapName<'data> {
address: u64,
name: &'data str,
}
impl<'data> SymbolMapName<'data> {
/// Construct a `SymbolMapName`.
pub fn new(address: u64, name: &'data str) -> Self {
SymbolMapName { address, name }
}
/// The symbol address.
#[inline]
pub fn address(&self) -> u64 {
self.address
}
/// The symbol name.
#[inline]
pub fn name(&self) -> &'data str {
self.name
}
}
impl<'data> SymbolMapEntry for SymbolMapName<'data> {
#[inline]
fn address(&self) -> u64 {
self.address
}
}
/// A map from addresses to symbol names and object files.
///
/// This is derived from STAB entries in Mach-O files.
#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone)]
pub struct ObjectMap<'data> {
symbols: SymbolMap<ObjectMapEntry<'data>>,
objects: Vec<&'data [u8]>,
}
impl<'data> ObjectMap<'data> {
/// Get the entry containing the given address.
pub fn get(&self, address: u64) -> Option<&ObjectMapEntry<'data>> {
self.symbols
.get(address)
.filter(|entry| entry.size == 0 || address.wrapping_sub(entry.address) < entry.size)
}
/// Get all symbols in the map.
#[inline]
pub fn symbols(&self) -> &[ObjectMapEntry<'data>] {
self.symbols.symbols()
}
/// Get all objects in the map.
#[inline]
pub fn objects(&self) -> &[&'data [u8]] {
&self.objects
}
}
/// A `ObjectMap` entry.
#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
pub struct ObjectMapEntry<'data> {
address: u64,
size: u64,
name: &'data [u8],
object: usize,
}
impl<'data> ObjectMapEntry<'data> {
/// Get the symbol address.
#[inline]
pub fn address(&self) -> u64 {
self.address
}
/// Get the symbol size.
///
/// This may be 0 if the size is unknown.
#[inline]
pub fn size(&self) -> u64 {
self.size
}
/// Get the symbol name.
#[inline]
pub fn name(&self) -> &'data [u8] {
self.name
}
/// Get the index of the object file name.
#[inline]
pub fn object_index(&self) -> usize {
self.object
}
/// Get the object file name.
#[inline]
pub fn object(&self, map: &ObjectMap<'data>) -> &'data [u8] {
map.objects[self.object]
}
}
impl<'data> SymbolMapEntry for ObjectMapEntry<'data> {
#[inline]
fn address(&self) -> u64 {
self.address
}
}
/// An imported symbol.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct Import<'data> {
library: ByteString<'data>,
// TODO: or ordinal
name: ByteString<'data>,
}
impl<'data> Import<'data> {
/// The symbol name.
#[inline]
pub fn name(&self) -> &'data [u8] {
self.name.0
}
/// The name of the library to import the symbol from.
#[inline]
pub fn library(&self) -> &'data [u8] {
self.library.0
}
}
/// An exported symbol.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct Export<'data> {
// TODO: and ordinal?
name: ByteString<'data>,
address: u64,
}
impl<'data> Export<'data> {
/// The symbol name.
#[inline]
pub fn name(&self) -> &'data [u8] {
self.name.0
}
/// The virtual address of the symbol.
#[inline]
pub fn address(&self) -> u64 {
self.address
}
}
/// PDB Information
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct CodeView<'data> {
guid: [u8; 16],
path: ByteString<'data>,
age: u32,
}
impl<'data> CodeView<'data> {
/// The path to the PDB as stored in CodeView
#[inline]
pub fn path(&self) -> &'data [u8] {
self.path.0
}
/// The age of the PDB
#[inline]
pub fn age(&self) -> u32 {
self.age
}
/// The GUID of the PDB.
#[inline]
pub fn guid(&self) -> [u8; 16] {
self.guid
}
}
/// The target referenced by a relocation.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum RelocationTarget {
/// The target is a symbol.
Symbol(SymbolIndex),
/// The target is a section.
Section(SectionIndex),
/// The offset is an absolute address.
Absolute,
}
/// A relocation entry.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct Relocation {
kind: RelocationKind,
encoding: RelocationEncoding,
size: u8,
target: RelocationTarget,
addend: i64,
implicit_addend: bool,
}
impl Relocation {
/// The operation used to calculate the result of the relocation.
#[inline]
pub fn kind(&self) -> RelocationKind {
self.kind
}
/// Information about how the result of the relocation operation is encoded in the place.
#[inline]
pub fn encoding(&self) -> RelocationEncoding {
self.encoding
}
/// The size in bits of the place of the relocation.
///
/// If 0, then the size is determined by the relocation kind.
#[inline]
pub fn size(&self) -> u8 {
self.size
}
/// The target of the relocation.
#[inline]
pub fn target(&self) -> RelocationTarget {
self.target
}
/// The addend to use in the relocation calculation.
#[inline]
pub fn addend(&self) -> i64 {
self.addend
}
/// Set the addend to use in the relocation calculation.
#[inline]
pub fn set_addend(&mut self, addend: i64) {
self.addend = addend
}
/// Returns true if there is an implicit addend stored in the data at the offset
/// to be relocated.
#[inline]
pub fn has_implicit_addend(&self) -> bool {
self.implicit_addend
}
}
/// A data compression format.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum CompressionFormat {
/// The data is uncompressed.
None,
/// The data is compressed, but the compression format is unknown.
Unknown,
/// ZLIB/DEFLATE.
///
/// Used for ELF compression and GNU compressed debug information.
Zlib,
/// Zstandard.
///
/// Used for ELF compression.
Zstandard,
}
/// A range in a file that may be compressed.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
pub struct CompressedFileRange {
/// The data compression format.
pub format: CompressionFormat,
/// The file offset of the compressed data.
pub offset: u64,
/// The compressed data size.
pub compressed_size: u64,
/// The uncompressed data size.
pub uncompressed_size: u64,
}
impl CompressedFileRange {
/// Data that is uncompressed.
#[inline]
pub fn none(range: Option<(u64, u64)>) -> Self {
if let Some((offset, size)) = range {
CompressedFileRange {
format: CompressionFormat::None,
offset,
compressed_size: size,
uncompressed_size: size,
}
} else {
CompressedFileRange {
format: CompressionFormat::None,
offset: 0,
compressed_size: 0,
uncompressed_size: 0,
}
}
}
/// Convert to `CompressedData` by reading from the file.
pub fn data<'data, R: ReadRef<'data>>(self, file: R) -> Result<CompressedData<'data>> {
let data = file
.read_bytes_at(self.offset, self.compressed_size)
.read_error("Invalid compressed data size or offset")?;
Ok(CompressedData {
format: self.format,
data,
uncompressed_size: self.uncompressed_size,
})
}
}
/// Data that may be compressed.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
pub struct CompressedData<'data> {
/// The data compression format.
pub format: CompressionFormat,
/// The compressed data.
pub data: &'data [u8],
/// The uncompressed data size.
pub uncompressed_size: u64,
}
impl<'data> CompressedData<'data> {
/// Data that is uncompressed.
#[inline]
pub fn none(data: &'data [u8]) -> Self {
CompressedData {
format: CompressionFormat::None,
data,
uncompressed_size: data.len() as u64,
}
}
/// Return the uncompressed data.
///
/// Returns an error for invalid data or unsupported compression.
/// This includes if the data is compressed but the `compression` feature
/// for this crate is disabled.
pub fn decompress(self) -> Result<Cow<'data, [u8]>> {
match self.format {
CompressionFormat::None => Ok(Cow::Borrowed(self.data)),
#[cfg(feature = "compression")]
CompressionFormat::Zlib => {
use core::convert::TryInto;
let size = self
.uncompressed_size
.try_into()
.ok()
.read_error("Uncompressed data size is too large.")?;
let mut decompressed = Vec::with_capacity(size);
let mut decompress = flate2::Decompress::new(true);
decompress
.decompress_vec(
self.data,
&mut decompressed,
flate2::FlushDecompress::Finish,
)
.ok()
.read_error("Invalid zlib compressed data")?;
Ok(Cow::Owned(decompressed))
}
#[cfg(feature = "compression")]
CompressionFormat::Zstandard => {
use core::convert::TryInto;
use std::io::Read;
let size = self
.uncompressed_size
.try_into()
.ok()
.read_error("Uncompressed data size is too large.")?;
let mut decompressed = Vec::with_capacity(size);
let mut decoder = ruzstd::StreamingDecoder::new(self.data)
.ok()
.read_error("Invalid zstd compressed data")?;
decoder
.read_to_end(&mut decompressed)
.ok()
.read_error("Invalid zstd compressed data")?;
Ok(Cow::Owned(decompressed))
}
_ => Err(Error("Unsupported compressed data.")),
}
}
}