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//! A counter mode (CTR) for AES to work with the encryption used in zip files.
//!
//! This was implemented since the zip specification requires the mode to not use a nonce and uses a
//! different byte order (little endian) than NIST (big endian).
//! See [AesCtrZipKeyStream](./struct.AesCtrZipKeyStream.html) for more information.
use aes::cipher::generic_array::GenericArray;
use aes::{BlockEncrypt, NewBlockCipher};
use byteorder::WriteBytesExt;
use std::{any, fmt};
/// Internal block size of an AES cipher.
const AES_BLOCK_SIZE: usize = 16;
/// AES-128.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct Aes128;
/// AES-192
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct Aes192;
/// AES-256.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct Aes256;
/// An AES cipher kind.
pub trait AesKind {
/// Key type.
type Key: AsRef<[u8]>;
/// Cipher used to decrypt.
type Cipher;
}
impl AesKind for Aes128 {
type Key = [u8; 16];
type Cipher = aes::Aes128;
}
impl AesKind for Aes192 {
type Key = [u8; 24];
type Cipher = aes::Aes192;
}
impl AesKind for Aes256 {
type Key = [u8; 32];
type Cipher = aes::Aes256;
}
/// An AES-CTR key stream generator.
///
/// Implements the slightly non-standard AES-CTR variant used by WinZip AES encryption.
///
/// Typical AES-CTR implementations combine a nonce with a 64 bit counter. WinZIP AES instead uses
/// no nonce and also uses a different byte order (little endian) than NIST (big endian).
///
/// The stream implements the `Read` trait; encryption or decryption is performed by XOR-ing the
/// bytes from the key stream with the ciphertext/plaintext.
pub struct AesCtrZipKeyStream<C: AesKind> {
/// Current AES counter.
counter: u128,
/// AES cipher instance.
cipher: C::Cipher,
/// Stores the currently available keystream bytes.
buffer: [u8; AES_BLOCK_SIZE],
/// Number of bytes already used up from `buffer`.
pos: usize,
}
impl<C> fmt::Debug for AesCtrZipKeyStream<C>
where
C: AesKind,
{
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
write!(
f,
"AesCtrZipKeyStream<{}>(counter: {})",
any::type_name::<C>(),
self.counter
)
}
}
impl<C> AesCtrZipKeyStream<C>
where
C: AesKind,
C::Cipher: NewBlockCipher,
{
/// Creates a new zip variant AES-CTR key stream.
///
/// # Panics
///
/// This panics if `key` doesn't have the correct size for cipher `C`.
pub fn new(key: &[u8]) -> AesCtrZipKeyStream<C> {
AesCtrZipKeyStream {
counter: 1,
cipher: C::Cipher::new(GenericArray::from_slice(key)),
buffer: [0u8; AES_BLOCK_SIZE],
pos: AES_BLOCK_SIZE,
}
}
}
impl<C> AesCipher for AesCtrZipKeyStream<C>
where
C: AesKind,
C::Cipher: BlockEncrypt,
{
/// Decrypt or encrypt `target`.
#[inline]
fn crypt_in_place(&mut self, mut target: &mut [u8]) {
while !target.is_empty() {
if self.pos == AES_BLOCK_SIZE {
// Note: AES block size is always 16 bytes, same as u128.
self.buffer
.as_mut()
.write_u128::<byteorder::LittleEndian>(self.counter)
.expect("did not expect u128 le conversion to fail");
self.cipher
.encrypt_block(GenericArray::from_mut_slice(&mut self.buffer));
self.counter += 1;
self.pos = 0;
}
let target_len = target.len().min(AES_BLOCK_SIZE - self.pos);
xor(
&mut target[0..target_len],
&self.buffer[self.pos..(self.pos + target_len)],
);
target = &mut target[target_len..];
self.pos += target_len;
}
}
}
/// This trait allows using generic AES ciphers with different key sizes.
pub trait AesCipher {
fn crypt_in_place(&mut self, target: &mut [u8]);
}
/// XORs a slice in place with another slice.
#[inline]
fn xor(dest: &mut [u8], src: &[u8]) {
assert_eq!(dest.len(), src.len());
for (lhs, rhs) in dest.iter_mut().zip(src.iter()) {
*lhs ^= *rhs;
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::{Aes128, Aes192, Aes256, AesCipher, AesCtrZipKeyStream, AesKind};
use aes::{BlockEncrypt, NewBlockCipher};
/// Checks whether `crypt_in_place` produces the correct plaintext after one use and yields the
/// cipertext again after applying it again.
fn roundtrip<Aes>(key: &[u8], ciphertext: &mut [u8], expected_plaintext: &[u8])
where
Aes: AesKind,
Aes::Cipher: NewBlockCipher + BlockEncrypt,
{
let mut key_stream = AesCtrZipKeyStream::<Aes>::new(key);
let mut plaintext: Vec<u8> = ciphertext.to_vec();
key_stream.crypt_in_place(plaintext.as_mut_slice());
assert_eq!(plaintext, expected_plaintext.to_vec());
// Round-tripping should yield the ciphertext again.
let mut key_stream = AesCtrZipKeyStream::<Aes>::new(key);
key_stream.crypt_in_place(&mut plaintext);
assert_eq!(plaintext, ciphertext.to_vec());
}
#[test]
#[should_panic]
fn new_with_wrong_key_size() {
AesCtrZipKeyStream::<Aes128>::new(&[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);
}
// The data used in these tests was generated with p7zip without any compression.
// It's not possible to recreate the exact same data, since a random salt is used for encryption.
// `7z a -phelloworld -mem=AES256 -mx=0 aes256_40byte.zip 40byte_data.txt`
#[test]
fn crypt_aes_256_0_byte() {
let mut ciphertext = [];
let expected_plaintext = &[];
let key = [
0x0b, 0xec, 0x2e, 0xf2, 0x46, 0xf0, 0x7e, 0x35, 0x16, 0x54, 0xe0, 0x98, 0x10, 0xb3,
0x18, 0x55, 0x24, 0xa3, 0x9e, 0x0e, 0x40, 0xe7, 0x92, 0xad, 0xb2, 0x8a, 0x48, 0xf4,
0x5c, 0xd0, 0xc0, 0x54,
];
roundtrip::<Aes256>(&key, &mut ciphertext, expected_plaintext);
}
#[test]
fn crypt_aes_128_5_byte() {
let mut ciphertext = [0x98, 0xa9, 0x8c, 0x26, 0x0e];
let expected_plaintext = b"asdf\n";
let key = [
0xe0, 0x25, 0x7b, 0x57, 0x97, 0x6a, 0xa4, 0x23, 0xab, 0x94, 0xaa, 0x44, 0xfd, 0x47,
0x4f, 0xa5,
];
roundtrip::<Aes128>(&key, &mut ciphertext, expected_plaintext);
}
#[test]
fn crypt_aes_192_5_byte() {
let mut ciphertext = [0x36, 0x55, 0x5c, 0x61, 0x3c];
let expected_plaintext = b"asdf\n";
let key = [
0xe4, 0x4a, 0x88, 0x52, 0x8f, 0xf7, 0x0b, 0x81, 0x7b, 0x75, 0xf1, 0x74, 0x21, 0x37,
0x8c, 0x90, 0xad, 0xbe, 0x4a, 0x65, 0xa8, 0x96, 0x0e, 0xcc,
];
roundtrip::<Aes192>(&key, &mut ciphertext, expected_plaintext);
}
#[test]
fn crypt_aes_256_5_byte() {
let mut ciphertext = [0xc2, 0x47, 0xc0, 0xdc, 0x56];
let expected_plaintext = b"asdf\n";
let key = [
0x79, 0x5e, 0x17, 0xf2, 0xc6, 0x3d, 0x28, 0x9b, 0x4b, 0x4b, 0xbb, 0xa9, 0xba, 0xc9,
0xa5, 0xee, 0x3a, 0x4f, 0x0f, 0x4b, 0x29, 0xbd, 0xe9, 0xb8, 0x41, 0x9c, 0x41, 0xa5,
0x15, 0xb2, 0x86, 0xab,
];
roundtrip::<Aes256>(&key, &mut ciphertext, expected_plaintext);
}
#[test]
fn crypt_aes_128_40_byte() {
let mut ciphertext = [
0xcf, 0x72, 0x6b, 0xa1, 0xb2, 0x0f, 0xdf, 0xaa, 0x10, 0xad, 0x9c, 0x7f, 0x6d, 0x1c,
0x8d, 0xb5, 0x16, 0x7e, 0xbb, 0x11, 0x69, 0x52, 0x8c, 0x89, 0x80, 0x32, 0xaa, 0x76,
0xa6, 0x18, 0x31, 0x98, 0xee, 0xdd, 0x22, 0x68, 0xb7, 0xe6, 0x77, 0xd2,
];
let expected_plaintext = b"Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur\n";
let key = [
0x43, 0x2b, 0x6d, 0xbe, 0x05, 0x76, 0x6c, 0x9e, 0xde, 0xca, 0x3b, 0xf8, 0xaf, 0x5d,
0x81, 0xb6,
];
roundtrip::<Aes128>(&key, &mut ciphertext, expected_plaintext);
}
#[test]
fn crypt_aes_192_40_byte() {
let mut ciphertext = [
0xa6, 0xfc, 0x52, 0x79, 0x2c, 0x6c, 0xfe, 0x68, 0xb1, 0xa8, 0xb3, 0x07, 0x52, 0x8b,
0x82, 0xa6, 0x87, 0x9c, 0x72, 0x42, 0x3a, 0xf8, 0xc6, 0xa9, 0xc9, 0xfb, 0x61, 0x19,
0x37, 0xb9, 0x56, 0x62, 0xf4, 0xfc, 0x5e, 0x7a, 0xdd, 0x55, 0x0a, 0x48,
];
let expected_plaintext = b"Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur\n";
let key = [
0xac, 0x92, 0x41, 0xba, 0xde, 0xd9, 0x02, 0xfe, 0x40, 0x92, 0x20, 0xf6, 0x56, 0x03,
0xfe, 0xae, 0x1b, 0xba, 0x01, 0x97, 0x97, 0x79, 0xbb, 0xa6,
];
roundtrip::<Aes192>(&key, &mut ciphertext, expected_plaintext);
}
#[test]
fn crypt_aes_256_40_byte() {
let mut ciphertext = [
0xa9, 0x99, 0xbd, 0xea, 0x82, 0x9b, 0x8f, 0x2f, 0xb7, 0x52, 0x2f, 0x6b, 0xd8, 0xf6,
0xab, 0x0e, 0x24, 0x51, 0x9e, 0x18, 0x0f, 0xc0, 0x8f, 0x54, 0x15, 0x80, 0xae, 0xbc,
0xa0, 0x5c, 0x8a, 0x11, 0x8d, 0x14, 0x7e, 0xc5, 0xb4, 0xae, 0xd3, 0x37,
];
let expected_plaintext = b"Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur\n";
let key = [
0x64, 0x7c, 0x7a, 0xde, 0xf0, 0xf2, 0x61, 0x49, 0x1c, 0xf1, 0xf1, 0xe3, 0x37, 0xfc,
0xe1, 0x4d, 0x4a, 0x77, 0xd4, 0xeb, 0x9e, 0x3d, 0x75, 0xce, 0x9a, 0x3e, 0x10, 0x50,
0xc2, 0x07, 0x36, 0xb6,
];
roundtrip::<Aes256>(&key, &mut ciphertext, expected_plaintext);
}
}